Specific gravity of crude oil pdf
weight fatty acids, naphthenic acids and asphaltenes. These molecules can interact and of high viscosity hydrocarbon as a crude oil in water emulsion. Pipeline Transportation of that can be ionised in a certain range of pH. The stability of. 8 Jan 2018 API gravity and sulfur (S) content of crude oil are a function of the organic composition and Degrees API = [141.5/specific gravity] – 131.5. Characteristics of Crude Oil •The hydrocarbons in crude oil can generally be divided into four categories: •Aromatics: These can constitute anywhere from 3 to 30% of crude. •They are undesirable because burning results in soot. •They are also more viscous. They are often solid or semi-solid. •Asphaltics: These average about 6% in most crude. The specific gravity of a gas is proportional to the ratio of molecular weight of gas (Mg) to the molecular weight of air (28.97) 2- Viscossity The viscosity of oil is a measure of its resistance to internal flow and an indication of its oiliness in the lubrication of surfaces. Physical properties of Oil API Gravity (American Petroleum Institute) Pure Water has arbitrary API Gravity of 10 Light crudes are generally those with an API gravity over 40. Gasoline ~ 60. Those with an API gravity below 40 are regarded as heavy There is an inverse relationship between API gravity and density; the higher the density
Standard + Redline PDF Bundle 5.2 The density or relative density of crude oils is used for the conversion of measured D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer.
6 Feb 2016 dynamic properties of kukersite oil shale oil (or “synthetic crude oil”) as physical and thermodynamic properties, such as specific gravity, atmo Specific heat of petroleum oils of various gravities in Btu./lb. °F. or cal./g °C Densities are also expressed in terms of specific gravity, defined by i. 60° ™ density both temperatures. The crude oil residue is increased in specific gravity and readily sediments out of solution. A comparison of the chemical analysis of the oils 15 Sep 2009 Specific Gravity is the ratio of the density of the petroleum product to the density of .com/content/documents/mpc/msds/0127MAR019.pdf). 12
An Overview of Heavy Oil Properties and its Recovery and Transportation Methods 573 Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 31, No. 03, pp. 571 - 590, July - September, 2014 related to the crude oil’s ease of flow and conse- for specific gravity usually applied in petroleum systems. API gravity
Each colored line represents a crude oil with a given density at a given temperature. If the temperature changes, the density of the crude oil changes along the colored line. Examples of the use of the figures are given below the figures. If you have the crude density given in °API, use the API-to-gravity converter. Crude oil viscosity as function of gravity - Viscosity at 20°C/68°F and 50°C/122°F for more than 120 crudes is shown as function of specific gravity@15°C/60°F Density of aqueous solutions of inorganic chlorides - Changes in density of aqueous solutions with changes in concentration at 20°C. Production of light crude oil with an API gravity of 50 or above is highest in the High Oil and Gas Resource case, reaching 1.7 million bbl/d in 2025 (67% higher than in the Reference case and 42% higher than in the High Oil Price Case). RUSSIAN EXPORT BLEND CRUDE OIL (REBCO) Specifications Corresponding to GOST TU 39-1623-93: Density API at 30 degrees C 0,870 API Gravity 32.00 Viscosity at 80 C, Max 16.0 Flash Point (in locked cubicle) Max 35 C. Pressure of saturated pours under 38°C kilopascal/mm mercury column 7/50 Paraffin ( contents in % ) 6,0 %. Crude oil, natural gas and natural gas condensate can contain minor amounts of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen containing organic compounds as well as trace amounts of heavy metals like mercury, arsenic, nickel, and vanadium. specific gravity (d) smaller than 0.825, medium crudes between 0.825 and 0.875, heavy crudes between 0.875 and 1.000 and extra heavy crudes larger than 1.000. While specific gravity may suffice, the petroleum industry uses another scale (API): 131.5 141.5 = − d API (1-1) Thus, light oils have a large API density and heavy ones a low one.
U.S. Crude Oil Production to 2025: Updated Projection of Crude Types. May 28, 2015 . Independent Statistics & Analysis U.S. Crude Oil Production to 2025 – Updated Projection of Crude Types ii American Petroleum Institute measure of specific gravity of crude oil or condensate in degrees, an arbitrary scale expressing
The Heavy Oil Resource on the Alaska North Slope. ▫ Marketing and Gravity. Gravity ≠ Viscosity. The term “Heavy Oil” is a reference to the high density. (API Gravity) of specific to a given oilfield - but any quantitative Crude Oils. Light Oil. The specific gravity varies from 0.95 to 1.02 and the pour point ranges between. 10 and 50 °C. The yield of residue obtained from crude oil distillation is
Crude oil that has a high API gravity, and low viscosity is generally easier to produce than low-gravity, high-viscosity oil that may require stimulation to maintain production rates. The characteristics of the oil can, and often do, influence everything from well spacing to pump size to life of production — all of which has an impact on the economic value of the producing property.
1 Jan 2019 INDIAN STANDARD FOR PETROLEUM. PRODUCTS SPECIFICATION FOR LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS 1 Specific Gravity/Density at. 5 Jun 2012 Determination of Molecular Mass (MM) for petroleum distillates is explored for selected achieved via correlations based on specific gravity and refractive index. other parameters were determined by manual tuning. The American Petroleum Institute gravity scale. °API is commonly used to describe the specific gravity of crude oils and petroleum products, and is calculated as Specific Gravity. Acetic Acid. 25 Crude oil, California. 60oF. 0.918 Fuel oil. 60oF. 0.893. Furan. 25. 1.421. Furforal. 25. 1.159. Gasoline, natural. 60oF. 0.713. A typical examination of petroleum crude oils determines physical prop- erties such as specific gravity, viscosity, pour point and distillation range. In addition
The American Petroleum Institute gravity scale. °API is commonly used to describe the specific gravity of crude oils and petroleum products, and is calculated as Specific Gravity. Acetic Acid. 25 Crude oil, California. 60oF. 0.918 Fuel oil. 60oF. 0.893. Furan. 25. 1.421. Furforal. 25. 1.159. Gasoline, natural. 60oF. 0.713. A typical examination of petroleum crude oils determines physical prop- erties such as specific gravity, viscosity, pour point and distillation range. In addition New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) specifications for crude oil futures contracts Oil with a specific gravity greater than 1 or an API degree of <10 API.